What is a key component of Functional Communication Training (FCT)?

The key component of Functional Communication Training (FCT) is identifying the functions of challenging behavior and teaching appropriate replacement behaviors. This approach is grounded in the principles of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), where the primary goal is to understand why a person may be engaging in problematic behaviors. By analyzing the antecedents and consequences of these behaviors, practitioners can determine the underlying needs or desires that the individual is trying to communicate.

Once those functions are identified, FCT involves teaching the individual more appropriate ways to express their needs or wants. This could include verbal communication, sign language, or alternative communication devices, depending on the individual's abilities and preferences. The focus is on replacing maladaptive behaviors with functional communication strategies that serve the same purpose—such as requesting a break, asking for help, or expressing discomfort—thereby reducing challenging behaviors and enhancing the person's ability to communicate effectively.

The other answer choices do not capture the essence of FCT. Promoting non-verbal forms of communication exclusively overlooks the role of verbal communication and the importance of understanding the functions behind behaviors. Encouraging information gathering without communication neglects the need for teaching actual communicative behavior that meets the individual's needs. Focusing solely on the improvement of non-social skills misses the interpersonal aspect of communication, which